Jokowi Makin Kalap Menumpuk Utang, APBN Terancam
Monday, January 1, 2018
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| Anggota Komisi XI DPR RI Heri Gunawan |
Jokowi Makin Kalap Menumpuk Utang, APBN Terancam
Berita Islam 24H - Pemerintah diminta tetap harus bijaksana dalam mengelola belanja dan utang. Apalagi kelihatannya pemerintah akan menggantungkan sepenuhnya pembiayaan pembangunan dari sektor keuangan.
Anggota Komisi XI DPR, Heri Gunawan mengatakan, defisit yang makin naik yang mengakibatkan jumlah utang naik akan menyulitkan terwujudnya keseimbangan primer yang positif.
"Pada postur 2018 saja disebutkan bahwa pendapatan negara sekitar 14 persen terhadap PDB, sedangkan belanja bisa mencapai 16 persen terhadap PDB. Gap tersebut akan menjadi masalah serius," urai Heri.
Utang masih terus menjadi beban. Pemerintah yang sepertinya terlena oleh rasio utang, makin kalap menumpuk utang. Menurut Heri, jika dilihat dari trennya, rasio utang cenderung mengalami kenaikan.
Tahun 2014 sebesar 24,7 persen, tahun 2015 naik tajam ke 27,4 persen, lalu tahun 2016 menjadi 27,9 persen, tahun 2017 ada di angka 28,2 persen. Tahun 2018 diproyeksi bisa menyentuh angka 29 persen terhadap PDB.
"Dari data tersebut saya tidak melihat adanya kecenderungan utang dengan kenaikan yang menurun sebagaimana yang disebut-sebut," ujarnya.
Utang sudah pasti akan menjadi APBN. Lebih-lebih dengan berakhirnya Program Pengampunan Pajak (Tax Amnesty), maka pemerintah akan makin sulit merealisasikan penerimaan negara yang lebih baik.
Di sisi lain, lanjut Heri, beban jatuh tempo pembayaran utang makin besar. Pada 2018 nanti sebesar Rp 390 triliun, dan ketika di tahun 2019 akan ada di kisaran Rp 420 triliun. Sehingga, total keseluruhan pada pembayaran jatuh tempo mencapai Rp 810 triliun.
Heri menambahkan, untuk diketahui, lebih dari 70 persen penerimaan negara bersumber dari pajak. Sementara itu ia nilai realisasinya terus melenceng dari rencana. Tahun 2015, realisasinya hanya Rp 1.285 triliun atau melenceng dari target APBN-P sebesar 1.489 triliun. Tahun 2016 juga melenceng dari target APBN-P TA 2016 sebesar Rp1.539,2 triliun. Pada saat yang sama, tax ratio Indonesia adalah yang terendah di dunia, yakni hanya 11 persen.
"Kalau kita lihat lebih detil, realisasi penerimaan pajak mengalami penurunan di kisaran 2,79 persen dibandingkan. Maka, sudah pasti pemerintah akan terus mengalami kesulitan memenuhi target penerimaan pajak," terangnya.
Menurut Heri, ketika pemerintah terus bersandar pada pajak sebagai sumber penerimaan terbesar untuk mendongkrak pertumbuhan ekonomi, maka akan terus APBN terancam.
"Beban utang plus bunga yang jatuh tempo, hanya menunggu waktu untuk meletus dan membawa kita pada situasi kolaps," imbuhnya. [berita-islam24h.com / rmol]
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