Kursi Menteri Penguat Posisi
Sunday, January 21, 2018
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Pergantian anggota Kabinet Kerja pekan lalu tak lebih dari usaha Presiden Joko Widodo memperkuat posisi politiknya. Presiden lebih mengutamakan perimbangan kekuatan dalam memilih pejabat baru pembantunya.
Pertimbangan kinerja sama sekali tidak terlihat pada penunjukan Idrus Marham sebagai Menteri Sosial serta Jenderal Purnawirawan Moeldoko sebagai Kepala Staf Kepresidenan dan Jenderal Purnawirawan Agum Gumelar sebagai anggota Dewan Pertimbangan Presiden. Pengangkatan Idrus juga memperbesar porsi Partai Golkar-yang pada pemilihan presiden 2014 menyokong rival Jokowi, Prabowo Subianto-di kabinet. Idrus menggantikan Khofifah Indar Parawansa, yang mundur untuk mencalonkan diri sebagai Gubernur Jawa Timur.
Komposisi anggota kabinet itu membuat Jokowi makin jauh meninggalkan janjinya membentuk kabinet yang profesional, fokus bekerja, dan para menterinya tidak merangkap jabatan di partai politik. Golkar kini menempatkan dua pucuk pengurusnya, yakni Ketua Umum Airlangga Hartarto sebagai Menteri Perindustrian dan Sekretaris Jenderal Idrus Marham, di dalam kabinet.
Pertimbangan kekuatan politik sangat terasa di sini. Jokowi terlihat berusaha memperkuat rangkulannya ke partai beringin, yang sejak kepemimpinan Setya Novanto menyatakan mendukungnya pada 2019. Bisa jadi dia menggunakan Golkar agar tidak terlalu bergantung pada Ketua Umum Partai Demokrasi Indonesia Perjuangan Megawati Soekarnoputri, yang selalu menyebutnya petugas partai. Dengan dua pemimpin tertingginya di dalam genggaman, Jokowi akan mudah mengendalikan Golkar.
Jokowi bisa terhindar dari penilaian itu jika saja ia memerintahkan Airlangga dan Idrus mundur dari kepengurusan Golkar. Dengan begitu, ia pun konsisten dengan pernyataannya bahwa menteri tidak boleh merangkap jabatan pada kepengurusan partai. Dia berkata pada masa kampanye 2014, "Memegang satu jabatan saja bisa gagal, apalagi dua."
Politik perimbangan juga terasa pada pengangkatan Moeldoko, mantan Panglima Tentara Nasional Indonesia, dan Agum Gumelar. Kedua pensiunan jenderal ini ditarik untuk mengimbangi pamor rival utamanya, Prabowo Subianto, serta mantan Panglima TNI, Jenderal Purnawirawan Gatot Nurmantyo.
Fungsi utama Kantor Staf Presiden dan Dewan Pertimbangan Presiden cukup strategis. Kedua lembaga nonstruktural ini antara lain bertugas membantu presiden dalam mencari terobosan untuk mengatasi hambatan pemerintahan. Bisa dibayangkan jika hingga pemilihan presiden tahun depan pejabatnya lebih banyak mengurusi kepentingan politik presiden.
Sebagai presiden, Jokowi memang memiliki hak prerogatif untuk memilih menteri dan pembantunya. Namun ia juga mesti memenuhi janji kepada para pemilihnya untuk membentuk "kabinet profesional". Sebab, janji kampanye merupakan kontrak politik presiden dengan konstituennya.
Pada hak prerogatif presiden juga melekat kewajibannya untuk menyelenggarakan tugas pemerintahan yang baik. Publik ingin kabinet yang efisien, yang anggotanya bekerja dengan pertimbangan rasional demi kemaslahatan rakyat banyak dan tidak terlalu dibebani kepentingan pemenangan kontestasi pemilihan presiden.
Seyogianya pertimbangan inilah yang dipakai Presiden Jokowi untuk menentukan anggota kabinet. Bukan perimbangan politik demi kepentingan jangka pendek.
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