Peneliti: “Syiah Tidak Perlu Dikafirkan”
Tuesday, January 16, 2018
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Peneliti: “Syiah Tidak Perlu Dikafirkan”
Berita Islam 24H - Peneliti dari Institute for the Study of Islamic Thought and Civilizations (INSISTS), Dr Syamsuddin Arif, menilai Syiah bukan sekadar mazhab.
Menurut pria kelahiran Jakarta, 19 Agustus 1971, itu, persepsi yang mengemuka tentang Syiah hanya berupa mazhab atau sekadar mazhab, lebih besar kemungkinan salahnya daripada benarnya.
“Ini pernyataan. Ini tesis namanya. Saya katakan begini; kalau mazhab itu seperti Mazhab Syafi’i, Mazhab Hanafi, Mazhab Hanbali, dan Mazhab Maliki,” ujar Ustad Syamsuddin di Aula Pusat Bahasa Arab dan Studi Islam Universitas Negeri Makassar, Jalan AP Pettarani, Kota Makassar, pada Jumat (12/1/2018), sore lalu.
Dalam acara Kajian Keislaman bertema “Syiah Ditinjau dari Pelbagai Aspeknya”, yang digelar Forum Penggiat Media Islam (Forpemi) bekerjasama dengan Majelis Intelektual dan Ulama Muda Indonesia (MIUMI) Sulawesi Selatan itu, dosen Universitas Darussalam Gontor tersebut menjelaskan bahwa ummat Islam dari Pakistan, India, dan Turki, umumnya mengikuti Mazhab Hanafi.
Sementara, kaum Muslimin di Afrika Utara; Sudan, lalu Tunisia, Libya, Maroko, Al Jazair, mengikuti Mazhab Maliki.
Adapun di Saudi Arabia, dan sebagian di Suriah, mengikuti Mazhab Hanbali. Sedangkan di Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei, Chech-nya, rata-rata mengikuti Mazhab Syafii.
“Kalau di Iran, itu bukan mazhab bagi saya. Kenapa? Karena kita orang Indonesia berbeda dengan orang Turki. Berbeda dengan orang Sudan. Berbeda apanya? Kita berbeda mazhab. Satu ikuti Syafii, Hanafi, Hanbali, Maliki, tetapi tidak satu pun dari kita dan mereka, walaupun berbeda-beda mazhab, tega mengkafirkan sahabat Rasulullah. Namun, coba tanya ke orang Syi’ah di Iran. Kalau Syiah itu sekadar mazhab, dia tidak akan mengkafirkan sahabat,” terangnya.
Dia melanjutkan, jika mengacu kepada kitab para ulama, ada dua pendapat tentang Syiah. Di antaranya pendapat dari Imam Abu Hanifah dan al-Asy’ari yang masih menganggap Syiah, seperti halnya kelompok Khawarij, Mu’tazilah, dan firqah Islamiyah lainnya, masih tegolong Islam (bagian ahlul qiblah).
“Maka, posisi saya sendiri ketika ditanya, kesimpulan saya; Syiah itu zahir-nya Islam. Bathinnya, saya tidak tahu. Walapun para ulama telah menunjukkan berbagai macam kekeliruan dan kesesatan dalam pandangan, keyakinan maupun amalan agama mereka. Namun, apabila orang Syiah mengkafirkan orang Islam, maka tuduhan tersebut akan berbalik kepada mereka sendiri. Jika mereka anggap Sayyidina Abu Bakar dan Sayyidina Umar radiyallahu ‘anhuma itu kafir, lantas mereka anggap apa orang lain seperti kita ini semua?” tegas pria yang memiliki dua gelar doktor ini.
“Jadi, tidak perlu kita mengkafirkan Syiah. Sama seperti kucing, tidak perlu dikucingkan, karena memang dia sudah kucing, dan tidak perlu dimanusiakan. Maksudnya, jangan memanusiakan kucing dan mengkucingkan manusia,” ujarnya disambut tawa peserta diskusi.
Alumnus Pondok Pesantren Modern Gontor, Ponorogo, Jawa Timur, yang pernah mengabdi di Majlis Qurra’ wa Al Huffaz di Kabupaten Bone, Sulawesi Selatan, itu mengakui, bahasan tentang Syiah bukan sekadar mazhab diulas secara lengkap dalam bukunya terbaru “Bukan Sekadar Madzhab: Oposisi dan Heterodoksi Syi’ah” yang sekarang ini masih dalam proses cetak.
Kegiatan yang dimulai sejak selesai shalat Ashar hingga memasuki waktu Magrib itu dihadiri kalangan mahasiswa, aktivis ormas Islam, termasuk Ketua Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengkajian Islam (LPPI) Indonesia, KH M Said A. Samad, Lc., serta beberapa dosen. [b-islam24h.com / hidayatullah]
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