Jumlah Pengangguran Bakal Makin Banyak
Saturday, February 17, 2018
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Jumlah Pengangguran Bakal Makin Banyak
Opini Bangsa - Rencana pemerintah mengeluarkan Peraturan Presiden (Perpres) terkait kemudahan izin kerja bagi Tenaga Kerja Asing (TKA) ditolak buruh. Kebijakan tersebut dinilai akan meningkatkan jumlah pengangguran di dalam negeri. Maraknya investasi asing tidak akan dirasakan rakyat.
Sekjen Organisasi Pekerja Seluruh Indonesia (OPSI) Timboel Siregar mengatakan, pengelolaan masuknya TKA telah diatur dalam UU Nomor 13 Tahun 2003 Tentang Ketenagakerjaan di pasal 42 sampai pasal 49. Selain itu, ada juga Peraturan Menteri Tenaga Kerja Nomor 16 Tahun 2015 tentang Tata Cara Penggunaan Tenaga Kerja Asing.
Ini artinya, kata Timboel, hadirnya Perpres makin memperlonggar masuknya TKA. "Perpres sebaiknya dibatalkan. Karena, tidak ada hubungannya dalam menciptakan lapangan pekerjaaan maupun mengurangi tingkat pengangguran dalam negeri," katanya kepada Rakyat Merdeka, kemarin.
Menurut Timboel, apabila Perpres benar dikeluarkan, ada kemungkinan kementerian dan lembaga terkait dapat memotong tahapan rekomendasi izin TKA sehingga prosesnya menjadi lebih cepat. Kondisi itu memberikan kemudahan bagi TKA untuk masuk ke Indonesia.
Padahal, dalam catatannya sudah ada 70 ribu TKA masuk ke Indonesia. 30 ribunya berasal dari China. Sayangnya, masuknya TKA tidak berimbas besar pada kenaikan Pendapatan Negara Bukan Pajak (PNBP) yang seharusnya bisa didapatkan dari biaya TKA yang nilainya mencapai Rp 1,09 triliun per tahun.
"Meningkatnya TKA asal China karena semakin banyak perusahaan asal China yang berinvestasi di Indonesia dan meningkatnya juga jumlah utang luar negeri kita ke China," ujarnya.
Melihat data angka pengangguran yang masih tinggi, munculnya Perpres TKA jelas sangat merugikan. Karena, kata dia, dapat menutup kesempatan kerja bagi tenaga kerja Indonesia.
Ekonom Institute Development of Economics and Finance (Indef) Bhima Yudhistira Adhinegara melihat jika pemerintah terlalu liberal dalam memutuskan kebijakan bagi TKA. Angka penyerapan tenaga kerja lokal semakin kecil.
Menurut dia, realisasi investasi yang tumbuh 13,1 persen pada 2017 hanya mampu menyerap 216 ribu tenaga kerja. Disamping itu, 60 persen rasio angkatan kerja lokal didominasi pekerja dengan tingkat pendidikan SMP.
"Itu yang perlu diwaspadai persaingan dengan tenaga kerja asing akan kalah. Perbedaan ahli dan pekerja kasar pun harus dipertegas. Jangan sampai kriteria menjadi terlalu mudah sehingga pekerja kasar yang banyak substitusinya di Indonesia dimasukkan dalam kriteria tenaga kerja ahli," ujarnya.
Menurutnya, pemerintah tidak perlu mendatangkan secara langsung tenaga ahli luar negeri. Karena, di era digital, komunikasi dapat dilakukan tanpa harus bertatap muka.
"Cara kerja itu lebih efektif dan selaras dengan era digital," jelasnya.
Sebelumnya, Menteri Koordinator bidang Perekonomian Darmin Nasution menyatakan, pemerintah memutuskan untuk menerbitkan Perpres terkait kemudahan izin kerja bagi TKA. Hal ini sebagai tindak lanjut instruksi Presiden Jokowi yang meminta para pembantunya untuk memudahkan jalur investasi, jalur ekspor hingga TKA ahli ke Indonesia.
Darmin mengatakan, rencana Perpres tersebut masih dibahas sampai saat ini. Sejumlah komponen yang masih perlu dikaji kembali antara lain mengenai izin tinggal dan rekomendasi kerja dari kementerian dan lembaga terkait.
Sebelumnya, Menteri Ketenagakerjaan Hanif Dhakiri mengaku sudah berkoordinasi dengan kementerian dan lembaga untuk menghilangkan tahap rekomendasi izin TKA sehingga prosesnya bisa menjadi lebih cepat.
"Kemarin itu kan masalahnya rekomendasi-rekomendasi dari sektor kan. Ya sudah keputusan akan itu akan diikuti, laporan yang saya terima itu kan katanya bakal dihilangkan. Itu nantinya sudah akan lebih cepat," jelas Hanif. [opini-bangsa.com / rmol]
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